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The City of Martinsburg (1990 population: 14,073) also known as the "Gateway to the Shenandoah Valley", is located in the Eastern Panhandle region of West Virginia. The city is located in the center of Berkeley County (1990 population: 59,253) which is bounded in the north by the Potomac River and Washington County, Maryland; on the east by Jefferson County, West Virginia; on the south by Frederick County, Virginia; and, on the west by Hardy and Morgan Counties of West Virginia. With an area of 3.76 square miles, the population density of Martinsburg is 3,798 people per square mile.
In the fall of 1992 the U.S. Census Bureau declared that Berkeley County was part of the Washington, D.C./Baltimore, Maryland Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is the proximity to this metropolitan area that is the driving force behind the growth experienced by the Eastern Panhandle and the City of Martinsburg.
There are ten (10) public schools which serve students that live within the City of Martinsburg. These include one high school, two middle schools and six elementary schools. All of these schools are run by the Berkeley County Board of Education. Besides the nine public schools, there are four private schools located in the City that serve both City and County residents. These schools are: Martinsburg Christian Academy, St. Joseph's, Rocky Knoll Seventh Day Adventist Elementary and Faith Christian Academy.
There are some students who are City residents but attend Hedgesville High School. This is done with the special permission of the principals of the schools within the City where these same students would ordinarily attend.In 1990 the City of Martinsburg provided 5,980 workers of 21% of the County's labor force of 28,700 workers. The proximity of the Washington-Baltimore metropolitan area, the transportation access, I-81, West Virginia Route 9 and the MARC train made the area a prime location for business, industry and commuters.
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